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                  <text>In 2009, BBRM staff and volunteers began the archiving of this collection, with the arranging of objects chronologically (1935 – 1995) and the purchasing of proper archival storage materials. In 2011, an oral finding aid with provenance was constructed by conversations between University of Alabama School of Library and Information Studies (UA SLIS) volunteer Lindsey Reynolds (now at University of Georgia, Athens Library) and BBRM Director Bob Friedman. In 2013 and 2014, those interviews were transcribed by UA SLIS volunteer Michael Mitchell (known affectionately as the MMT).  For each object, the original finding aid conversation has been added and can be found in quotes in the description section. As of the most recent online uploading in August, 2019, the Ephemera Collection consisted of eight boxes containing 413 folders with approximately 850 files, spanning the period 1935-1989.</text>
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                <text>Box 8 Folder 37: "Two ball point pens, one brown and one black, made by the Signature Pen Company, most recently from Nashville, both of which advertise WJLD AM 1400. We approximate mid to late 1980's."</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;A collection of sound files, transcribed oral interviews, and images documenting Black radio in Birmingham, Alabama. Please click the link below.&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>and numerous student volunteers</text>
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              <text>Transcript from audio snippet: &#13;
&#13;
Bob Friedman- We had a woman who came in with a copy of the Birmingham Weekly Review, which was a large size, it was like a Birmingham News, Atlanta Constitution Sized Newspaper.&#13;
&#13;
Ben Alexander- Oh yes.&#13;
&#13;
BF- Black Republican looking Newspaper and had, it had whole spread on WBCO she didn’t even know that her mother, she she was at BCO in 1952 her name was Lora Gary. &#13;
&#13;
BA- Oh.&#13;
&#13;
BF- Became Lora.. actually she was Lora walker and then joined our staff in ‘54 or ’55  and changed her name, got married. But any way, her mother had saved this thing and had laminated it. It was all yellow but she..&#13;
&#13;
BA- Oh.&#13;
&#13;
BF- But she had laminated it so it lived through the years.&#13;
&#13;
BA- Yeah.&#13;
&#13;
BF- And it’s just extraordinary to read, you know, the Dominoes came down to visit and all. It’s like..&#13;
&#13;
BA- Yeah. Yeah.&#13;
&#13;
BF- Great , great stuff. Great stuff. &#13;
&#13;
BA- Yeah, we, we we interviewed uh you know Jackie Robinson, uh uh what’s… I was just thinking about him the other day because there’s uh this other guy that who’s name I’m trying to think about now, but because there’s a play starting here in Virginia about him. Um Louis Jordan.&#13;
&#13;
BF- Unhuh. &#13;
&#13;
BA- And uh, we interviewed him, there were uh you know, Count Basie,  Lucky Millinder was a band leader that came there, uh Duke Ellington. They all came and paid a visit to WEDR, whenever they were in town.  All, all of the performers came in. &#13;
&#13;
BF- Do you remember anything distinctive about that year besides the bombing of the, well they blew up tower or the transmitter?&#13;
&#13;
BA- It was the transmitter. &#13;
&#13;
BF- Unhuh. &#13;
&#13;
BA- Not the transmitter.. no sorry the tower. Tower. &#13;
&#13;
BF- tower came down. Yeah. Yeah.&#13;
&#13;
BA- But after that I think things sort of cooled down and..&#13;
&#13;
BF- well supposedly in 1958 or so uh somebody had scrawled KKK on the walls of WEDR.  And there was a picture of another jock named Shelley Stewart, I don’t know if you’ve ever heard of him.&#13;
&#13;
BA- Yeah that was after my time. Yeah.&#13;
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Audio snippet: 2 minutes</text>
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                <text>Ben Alexander (b. Sept, 1927), an early arrival at WEDR 1220 AM, Birmingham, Ben spent from the end of 1949 to October of 1950 at the station and recalls personnel and personalities of the time.  He became a Lt. Colonel in the army and retired to Richmond, Virginia where he did both print and audio commercial work.</text>
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                <text>Box 1 Folder 52: "Moving along to folder number, box 1 folder 52, are pictures of Ben Franklin and he is inside the 3801 Bessemer Superhighway in Bessemer the middle rack provided link service to the Red Mountain transmitter in 1948, Red Mountain tower fed the mutual network back to Bessemer, Alabama, and in the photo Ben is seen here as the engineer. We got that picture from Ben Franklin himself, and the original is in the folder and then we blew it up as big as we could. Ben Franklin turned the radio station WJLD on in 1942 and had an extensive career in radio back into the 30s and we have a lot of interview time with Ben on tape, and on a disc."</text>
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                <text>Box 2 Folder 49: "We’re up to folder 49 which has an original picture of Ben Franklin, engineer Ben Franklin and his wife. I don’t remember her name although I spent a lot of time at her house, trying to get some things in order out of Ben’s files. Ben was the first engineer for WJLD and he was in radio before WJLD as well. We do have some audio recordings with him on it as well. He was quite a brilliant man. His library speaks to that. He had books on every topic, many books on electronics, and many books filled with schematic diagrams. He eventually owned his own station in Calera,  Alabama; it was a hodgepodge. It was on for a while. He loved it, never strayed from radio. Died at the age of 80. Gary Richardson and myself were both pallbearers at his funeral. I recorded interviews with Ben for about 4 hours and his remembrances in early radio. The building that he’s standing in front of no longer exists. It was on top of Red Mountain which would place the picture sometime between 1948 and the ‘60s. Not much later than that and probably earlier because WJLD and WJLN are very specifically delineated. Also WJLN TV. We don’t have any information on whether or not or how far the project on WJLN TV moved, but there is no recollection of an actual broadcast on WJLN TV.  Pictures from Ben Franklin."</text>
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                <text>Ben Franklin Shaking Hands with Walden Patrick McKim</text>
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                <text>Box 1 Folder 19: "1 number 19.   1943, a picture of Ben Franklin shaking hands with Walden Patrick McKim who was an engineer at the original transmitter building located at Blue Lake, an old quarry that serviced WJLD studio in the Gary Hotel in Bessemer, Alabama. There is the original picture and a blow up of the picture as well. This picture received from Ben Franklin who we’ve done extensive interviews with when he was alive. He was the engineer that turned WJLD on in 1942. Had a long history in radio."</text>
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                  <text>All Rights held by The Birmingham Black Radio Museum unless otherwise specified.</text>
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              <text>Transcript from audio snippet:&#13;
&#13;
Bob: That’s one thing that I don’t really understand because when I grew up, when I remember FM coming in in the early ‘60s… but it was around in the late 40s!&#13;
&#13;
Ben: It was late 40s yeah.&#13;
&#13;
Bob: But nobody ever talked about FM. I can’t imagine what it was like… I mean somebody should write a book about the first 10 years of FM… &#13;
&#13;
Ben: that would be fascinating but, sorry to say, there was a lot of stations that went on the air went off.&#13;
&#13;
Bob: I bet. &#13;
&#13;
Ben: Johnston was hot to get on the air that’s one thing that Umbach pointed out to Johnston, he told him FM never going to arrive, FM never going to arrive, he used to say and they were putting up a mailbox up there for that place on the mountain and they were trying to decide what to put on the mailbox and Umbach says,  “put Johnston’s Folly on it.”&#13;
&#13;
Bob: Johnston’s Folly. That’s funny, but JLN, what was it, I have no idea what it playing back in the 40s 1948 it went on the air right?  What did it… simulcast AM or what?&#13;
&#13;
Ben: Some of the time </text>
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Audio Snippet: 2 minutes </text>
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                <text>Ben Franklin, Oral History (part 01)</text>
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                <text>Ben Franklin (b. March 12, 1919, Lees Vernon Parish, LA; d. May 10, 1998, Calera, AL) was a radio electronics engineer and eventually a station owner (WBYE in Calera) with a 60 year history in the field. He turned the transmitter of WJLD AM 1400 on for the first time in the spring of 1942 and shared a treasure trove of memories in over 5 hours of interviews. He passed in 1998 and Gary Richardson and Bob Friedman were pall bearers at his funeral. </text>
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                <text>November 03, 1993</text>
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                    <text>Ben Franklin with Walden Patrick McKim, engineers at the original WJLD transmitter building for the Gary Hotel and Bessemer City Hall sites of WJLD. This building located at Blue Lake, which was an old quarry. Picture circa 1942-44.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;A collection of sound files, transcribed oral interviews, and images documenting Black radio in Birmingham, Alabama. Please click the link below.&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Bob Friedman</text>
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              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                  <text>All Rights held by The Birmingham Black Radio Museum unless otherwise specified.</text>
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                  <text>Emily Bibb</text>
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                  <text>and numerous student volunteers</text>
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              <text>Transcript from audio snippet:&#13;
&#13;
Ben: (referring to WJLD AM 1400) Ah, station still in Bessemer then. It was in city hall&#13;
then. And ah Connolly and Umbach got together and Connolly says, I mean Umbach&#13;
says “I’ll play that stuff. Yeah, I’ll play it. Yeah, yeah”.&#13;
Bob: Eh hmmm&#13;
Ben: And ah he figured he could and he…..&#13;
Bob: So did Connolly try to talk him into it?&#13;
Ben: No, No, No….&#13;
Bob: And Umbach agreed or what.&#13;
Ben: It’s worse than that.&#13;
Bob: Ok.&#13;
Ben: They got together and went to Johnston, see, Johnston the second, and ah oh&#13;
hell no he said, Ku Klux cut the tower down…….. They knew what would swing&#13;
Johnston….&#13;
Bob: Eh hmmmm&#13;
Ben: And they went out and sold an hour. Back then they sold strips, didn’t sell spots.&#13;
They sold strips…..&#13;
Bob: Eh hmm, they sold fifteen minute strips or something.&#13;
Ben: Yeah, eh, 25 dollars a week for five fifteen minute strips. They went and sold an&#13;
hour of them, four of them. One sold four in Bessemer on 1st Avenue up there. The&#13;
theater bought one, and ah I forgot who all else there were up there. Sale of four strips.&#13;
They come back and laid 100 dollars on Johnston’s….&#13;
Bob: Johnston had second thoughts by that point.&#13;
Ben: Yeah, and he give in… money talks. Ah, ah, and that’s one of the things that&#13;
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Ben: There was some kind of legal angle that Johnston left that building down yonder on that Super Highway vacant and didn’t even try to rent it for 4 or 5 years.&#13;
Bob- mmhm.&#13;
Ben- They said that he made money on it.&#13;
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Bob- mmhm.&#13;
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Bob- To me he was like a working class hero.&#13;
&#13;
Ben- He was. Yeah he was, I was going to tell… and mischievous, bad mischievious.&#13;
&#13;
Bob- And obviously not afraid of hardly anything. Since he was a Pullman and he worked, he went up against Pullman, he was a union organizer, boxer..&#13;
&#13;
Ben- Oh he fussed them all, yeah yeah, oh listen and he was in with the city commission in Bessemer, Jesse Lanier was the Mayor then. And he handled things for the mayor and vice versa, it was one of those things.&#13;
&#13;
Bob- He was on BCO wasn’t he. He was on BCO before JLD.&#13;
&#13;
Ben- Yeah and then he was on EDR after that. Um, what I was going to tell you , he use to do in the morning, what we use to do on Saturday Morning he… He said you know that there’s a widow woman who had a Cadillac she did need and she would give it to Willie (McKinstry) and uh Willie wants to give his car away, if you jut call Willie he’d give you his car. Give his home telephone number</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;A collection of sound files, transcribed oral interviews, and images documenting Black radio in Birmingham, Alabama. Please click the link below.&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>and numerous student volunteers</text>
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              <text>Transcript from audio snippet: &#13;
&#13;
Bob- I walked up to the top of the mountain..&#13;
Ben- Oh did you .&#13;
Bob- about a week and a half ago. To where the station used to be cause the&#13;
tower is still there.&#13;
Ben- Yeah. Yeah.&#13;
Bob- um but of course, you know and I I Just you know it was like was there&#13;
alone, it was a beautiful day and you know you kinda wish that your doing to trip&#13;
over a “d”, that fell off the building that was covered by Kudzu, but no such luck.&#13;
Ben- Well is there uh, There’s still some equipment in there oh isn’t there part of&#13;
it.&#13;
Bob- but the building doesn’t exist..&#13;
Ben- well the rest of the building it was pretty good sized building, that was built&#13;
for TV, uh, I was there when they blasted all that rock off.&#13;
Bob- Uhhuh,&#13;
Ben- and made a smooth enough place to put building,&#13;
Bob- well there’s a building there, I mean you know there’s a building but I just&#13;
assumed that um, I just assumed that what ever was WJLD, cause the studio&#13;
was up there wasn’t it.&#13;
Ben- Everything was there.&#13;
Bob- Yeah.&#13;
Ben- Studio, office, all was up there…&#13;
Bob- But I just assumed that when I had spoke to Frank Giardino, He said no&#13;
they bulldozed everything to the ground. It had been vandalized, it sat there for&#13;
so long..&#13;
Ben- Umm&#13;
Bob- um I just assumed that that building that now exists there was just you know&#13;
new.&#13;
Ben- Some body probably told him that, I don’t think he ever goes up there. It’s&#13;
hard to get to, isn’t it?&#13;
Bob- Uh Not terribly, I mean you can walk up, ..&#13;
Ben- Yeah Well I’m talking about..&#13;
Bob- You can’t drive.&#13;
Ben- Yeah.&#13;
Bob- But you can walk up.&#13;
Ben- Yeah well I walked up there, before they put the place there.&#13;
Bob- Uhhuh. Uhhuh.&#13;
Ben- It was just trees and rocks the first time I went up there.&#13;
Bob- yeah. It’s mostly that now. I mean,</text>
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Audio Snippet: 2 minutes</text>
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                <text>Ben Franklin, Oral History (part 05)</text>
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                <text>Another interview with Ben Franklin (b. Mar 12, 1919, d. May 10, 1998) on his radio career</text>
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